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Nat Commun:细菌促进伤口诱导皮肤癌2015年1月12日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --最近,一项发表于国际杂志Nature Communications上的研究论文中,来自伦敦国王学院的研究人员通过研究鉴别出了皮肤的损伤诱发肿瘤形成的分子机制,相关研究或为开发靶向疗法来治疗慢性溃疡或皮肤起泡疾病提供思路。文章中研究者在皮肤肿瘤形成过程中发现了一种细菌可以通过免疫细胞来进行先天性的感应,该过程或许在某些患者机体中平衡正常伤口愈合和肿瘤形成过程起着决定性的作用。尽管研究者们已经建立了组织损伤、慢性炎症及癌症之间的关系,但对这背后发生的原因却并不清楚;比如表皮溶解水疱症(EB),其就是一种和慢性创伤相关的罕见遗传性皮肤病,其可以增加肿瘤发生的风险。本文研究中,研究者阐明了一种存在于皮肤中的细菌可以促进皮肤肿瘤的形成。研究者发现,当患有慢性皮肤炎症的小鼠受伤后,其就会在受伤位点产生肿瘤,而免疫系统的细胞正需要该过程来建立其防御系统,在其背后隐藏的信号机制包括一种名为鞭毛蛋白的细菌蛋白,其可以被免疫细胞表面的Toll样受体5(TLR-5)进行识别。研究者表示,在慢性皮肤炎症的小鼠机体中发现的高水平表达的蛋白HMGB1在表皮溶解水疱症的患者机体中的水平是增加的,而当从小鼠机体中移除免疫细胞上的TLR-5时,HMGB1的水平就会下降;这或许就帮助研究人员在后期通过靶向作用TLR-5来降低皮肤表面细菌鞭毛蛋白的水平。最后研究者Watt说道,本文研究对于多种癌症都具有重要的意义,尤其是开发新型疗法来治疗慢性溃疡及皮肤起泡疾病的患者。而该研究也为研究者提供了一种可能性,就是利用特殊的抗生素来靶向作用伤口诱发的肿瘤处的细菌从而来有效抑制肿瘤的恶化。 Innate sensing of microbial products promotes wound-induced skin cancer Esther Hoste, Esther N. Arwert, Rohit Lal, Andrew P. South, Julio C. Salas-Alanis, Dedee F. Murrell, Giacomo Donati & Fiona M. Watt The association between tissue damage, chronic inflammation and cancer is well known. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here we characterize a mouse model in which constitutive epidermal extracellular-signal-regulated kinase-MAP-kinase signalling results in epidermal inflammation, and skin wounding induces tumours. We show that tumour incidence correlates with wound size and inflammatory infiltrate. Ablation of tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-1/-2, Myeloid Differentiation primary response gene 88 or Toll-like receptor (TLR)-5, the bacterial flagellin receptor, but not other innate immune sensors, in radiosensitive leukocytes protects against tumour formation. Antibiotic treatment inhibits, whereas injection of flagellin induces, tumours in a TLR-5-dependent manner. TLR-5 is also involved in chemical-induced skin carcinogenesis in wild-type mice. Leukocytic TLR-5 signalling mediates upregulation of the alarmin HMGB1 (High Mobility Group Box 1) in wound-induced papillomas. HMGB1 is elevated in tumours of patients with Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa, a disease characterized by chronic skin damage. We conclude that in our experimental model the combination of bacteria, chronic inflammation and wounding cooperate to trigger skin cancer. |